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Once-Weekly Insulins Resource Toolkit

What Primary Care Clinicians Need to Know about Once-Weekly Insulins

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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Type 2 Diabetes. Reviewed April 18, 2023. Accessed March 27, 2024. https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/basics/type2.html

American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee, ElSayed NA, Aleppo G, et al. 10. Cardiovascular Disease and Risk Management: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2024. Diabetes Care. 2024;47(Supplement_1):S179-S218.

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American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee, ElSayed NA, Aleppo G, et al. 11. Chronic Kidney Disease and Risk Management: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2024. Diabetes Care. 2024;47(Supplement_1):S219-S230.

Rosenstock J, Del Prato S. Basal weekly insulins: the way of the future! Metabolism. 2022;126:154924.

American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee, ElSayed NA, Aleppo G, et al. 9. Pharmacologic Approaches to Glycemic Treatment: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2024. Diabetes Care. 2024;47(Supplement_1):S158-S178.

Andary R, Fan W, Wong ND. Control of Cardiovascular Risk Factors Among US Adults With Type 2 Diabetes With and Without Cardiovascular Disease. Am J Cardiol. 2019;124(4):522-527.

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Davidson JA. The increasing role of primary care physicians in caring for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Mayo Clin Proc. 2010;85(12 Suppl):S3-4.

Shrivastav M, Gibson W, Shrivastav R, et al. Type 2 Diabetes Management in Primary Care: The Role of Retrospective, Professional Continuous Glucose Monitoring. Diabetes Spectr. 2018;31(3):279-287.

Vigersky RA, Fish L, Hogan P, et al. The clinical endocrinology workforce: current status and future projections of supply and demand. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2014;99(9):3112-3121.

Rushforth B, McCrorie C, Glidewell L, Midgley E, Foy R. Barriers to effective management of type 2 diabetes in primary care: qualitative systematic review. Br J Gen Pract. 2016;66(643):e114-127.

Cefalu WT, Dawes DE, Gavlak G, et al. Insulin Access and Affordability Working Group: Conclusions and Recommendations. Diabetes Care. 2018;41(6):1299-1311.

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Perez-Nieves M, Kabul S, Desai U, et al. Basal insulin persistence, associated factors, and outcomes after treatment initiation among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the USCurr Med Res Opin. 2016;32(4):669-680.

Idris I, Gulati K, Perez-Nieves M, et al. Associated factors that influenced persistence with basal analog insulin therapy among people with type 2 diabetes: An exploratory analysis from a UK real-world sample. Prim Care Diabetes. 2019;13(2):106-112.

Khunti K, Wolden ML, Thorsted BL, Andersen M, Davies MJ. Clinical inertia in people with type 2 diabetes: a retrospective cohort study of more than 80,000 people. Diabetes Care. 2013;36(11):3411-3417.

Harris SB, Kapor J, Lank CN, Willan AR, Houston T. Clinical inertia in patients with T2DM requiring insulin in family practice. Can Fam Physician. 2010;56(12):e418-424.

Khunti S, Khunti K, Seidu S. Therapeutic inertia in type 2 diabetes: prevalence, causes, consequences and methods to overcome inertia. Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab. 2019;10:2042018819844694.

Shah BR, Hux JE, Laupacis A, Zinman B, van Walraven C. Clinical inertia in response to inadequate glycemic control: do specialists differ from primary care physicians? Diabetes Care. 2005;28(3):600-606.

Mata-Cases M, Franch-Nadal J, Real J, et al. Therapeutic inertia in patients treated with two or more antidiabetics in primary care: Factors predicting intensification of treatmentDiabetes Obes Metab. 2018;20(1):103-112.

Blonde L, Aschner P, Bailey C, et al. Gaps and barriers in the control of blood glucose in people with type 2 diabetes. Diab Vasc Dis Res. 2017;14(3):172-183.

Pantalone KM, Misra-Hebert AD, Hobbs TM, et al. Clinical Inertia in Type 2 Diabetes Management: Evidence From a Large, Real-World Data Set. Diabetes Care. 2018;41(7):e113-e114.

Hirsch IB, Juneja R, Beals JM, Antalis CJ, Wright EE. The Evolution of Insulin and How it Informs Therapy and Treatment Choices. Endocr Rev. 2020;41(5):733-755.

Reuters. Novo Nordisk’s once-weekly basal insulin icodec recommended for marketing approval in Europe. Reuters. Published March 21, 2024. Accessed March 27, 2024.

Bundgaard C. FDA extends review time for weekly Novo Nordisk insulin. Published February 5, 2024. Accessed March 27, 2024.

Bajaj HS, Bergenstal RM, Christoffersen A, et al. Switching to Once-Weekly Insulin Icodec Versus Once-Daily Insulin Glargine U100 in Type 2 Diabetes Inadequately Controlled on Daily Basal Insulin: A Phase 2 Randomized Controlled Trial. Diabetes Care. 2021;44(7):1586-1594.

Frias J, Chien J, Zhang Q, et al. Safety and efficacy of once-weekly basal insulin Fc in people with type 2 diabetes previously treated with basal insulin: a multicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 2 study. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2023;11(3):158-168.

Vijan S, Hayward RA, Ronis DL, Hofer TP. Brief report: the burden of diabetes therapy: implications for the design of effective patient-centered treatment regimens. J Gen Intern Med. 2005;20(5):479-482.

Yavuz DG, Ozcan S, Deyneli O. Adherence to insulin treatment in insulin-naïve type 2 diabetic patients initiated on different insulin regimens. Patient Prefer Adherence. 2015;9:1225-1231.

Alsaidan AA, Alsaidan OA, Mallhi TH, Khan YH, Alzarea AI, Alanazi AS. Assessment of Adherence to Insulin Injections among Diabetic Patients on Basal-Bolus Regimen in Primary and Secondary Healthcare Centers in Al-Jouf Region of Saudi Arabia; A Descriptive Analysis. J Clin Med. 2023;12(10):3474.

Polonsky WH, Henry RR. Poor medication adherence in type 2 diabetes: recognizing the scope of the problem and its key contributors. Patient Prefer Adherence. 2016;10:1299-1307. doi:10.2147/PPA.S106821

Heise T, Mathieu C. Impact of the mode of protraction of basal insulin therapies on their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties and resulting clinical outcomes. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2017;19(1):3-12.

Singh AK, Singh A, Singh R, Misra A. Once-weekly basal insulin icodec: Looking ONWARDS from pharmacology to clinical trials. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2022;16(9):102615. 

Bajaj HS, Aberle J, Davies M, et al. Once-Weekly Insulin Icodec With Dosing Guide App Versus Once-Daily Basal Insulin Analogues in Insulin-Naive Type 2 Diabetes (ONWARDS 5) : A Randomized Trial. Ann Intern Med. 2023;176(11):1476-1485.

Mathieu C, Ásbjörnsdóttir B, Bajaj HS, et al. Switching to once-weekly insulin icodec versus once-daily insulin glargine U100 in individuals with basal-bolus insulin-treated type 2 diabetes (ONWARDS 4): a phase 3a, randomised, open-label, multicentre, treat-to-target, non-inferiority trial. The Lancet. 2023;401(10392):1929-1940.

Lingvay I, Buse JB, Franek E, et al. A Randomized, Open-Label Comparison of Once-Weekly Insulin Icodec Titration Strategies Versus Once-Daily Insulin Glargine U100. Diabetes Care. 2021;44(7):1595-1603.

 

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